Compact low-cost sensor for microplastics detection and classification in marine and aquatic environments

Abstract

Marine microplastics, both on beaches and in open seas worldwide, are among the most pressing environmental challenges. These pollutants not only harm ecosystems but also impose significant economic burdens on authorities, necessitating frequent and costly cleanup operations, especially along coastal areas. Rapid, efficient methods for detecting, quantifying, and identifying microplastics are essential for pinpointing pollution sources and devising effective remediation strategies. However, these tasks currently rely on sophisticated and expensive equipment. This study presents the development of an innovative, cost-effective microplastic sensor, the result of three years of research and testing. The sensor, equipped with three infrared-sensitive photodiodes, achieves classification accuracies of approximately 90% for the most common floating microplastics in marine environments, such as polyethylene and polypropylene. The redesigned sensor casing ensures durability and adaptability for diverse applications, including monitoring microplastics in aquaculture facilities, lakes, and confined waters. Moreover, its compatibility with drifters or boats makes it suitable for regular monitoring of marine plastic pollution along coastlines and open-sea transects.