Obsolescence and urban vitality in tourist coastal cities. Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, Mexico

Abstract

Puerto Vallarta is the second most populous and fastest growing city in the state of Jalisco outside the municipalities that make up the metropolitan area of Guadalajara, currently forming an interstate metropolitan area with Bahia de Banderas, Nayarit, a municipality that has the highest development and Nayarit state growth according to data from (INEGI 2018) which has led Puerto Vallarta and Banderas Bay as a whole to be considered as the main tourist destination of the sun and beach of the Mexican Pacific coast and the second nationally after Can-Cun, by virtue of the fact that a little over six and a half million visitors arrive annually in this area (Pto. Vta. 4'300,000 approx, Banderas Bay 2'200,000 approx. SECTUR, 2018) so from a focus Territorial and urban planning has become a central node for regional development that provides specialized services.

In the last ten years Puerto Vallarta-Bahía de Banderas as a tourist destination have faced a crisis of several edges resulting on the one hand for Puerto Vallarta from the wear and tear of its tourist life cycle that has been accentuated with other external and internal factors. And in conjunction with Bahía de Banderas, we detect that, from externalities, the competition of other recreational and diversified offers consolidated and emerging outside and inside Mexico, the global economic crisis, the housing bubble, the H1N1 virus and the widespread violence in the country. In the internal aspects, an economic and urban model is identified that favors the prevalence of private interests over the groups, local government actions are observed in the exercise of public policy with negative results, traditional areas that experience obsolescence are visualized in In contrast to others of striking vitality, there are signs of a predatory and extractive tourist and urban system of the economy, as well as isolated interests for renewing and diversifying recreational options.

This paper discusses the multifactorial processes that have been articulated around the conformation of two urban areas that have been subjected, one to real estate pressure processes with urban revitalization efforts for a growing tourist housing market, and another, which It has had large investments of public capital and they have not been able to develop the attributes for which they were raised in terms of investment, finally some projects that involve a relaunching of the tourist destination are approached and analyzed in order to reinvent themselves to continue in force in the market World Tourism.

wo premises are supposed to be discussed, urban vitality as a multifactorial process that keeps one area of the city attractive and vigorous, and urban obsolescence as a result of parallel processes with differentiated variables in the other study area, both considered as homogeneous areas separated by a river but connected by tradition and infrastructure, configured by a tourism model where the real estate sector appears as the lever of development arm (where gentrification processes underlie), whose benefit for the enjoyment of the population is not noticed and policies Local publics have not been sufficiently effective to boost the development of a mature tourism system that shows symptoms of stagnation and gentrification.